lenzburg

- INTRODUCAO

Lenzburg é uma comuna da Suíça, no Cantão Argóvia, com cerca de 7.470 habitantes. Estende-se por uma área de 11,33 km², de densidade populacional de 659 hab/km². Confina com as seguintes comunas: Ammerswil, Egliswil, Hendschiken, Möriken-Wildegg, Niederlenz, Othmarsingen, Rupperswil, Seon, Staufen.
A língua oficial nesta comuna é o Alemão.
Lenzburg is a village in the central region of the Swiss canton Aargau and is the capital of the district of the same name. The town, founded in the Middle Ages, lies in the Seetal valley, about 3 kilometres south of the Aare delta. Lenzburg and the neighbouring municipalities of Niederlenz and Staufen have grown together in an agglomeration.
Lenzburg lies 30 km west of Zurich. There is a fast public transport connection through Lenzburg from Zurich to Basel. Many people commute to Zurich or its airport at Kloten each day.

- HISTORIA

The oldest excavations originate from Neolithic times, some over 5,000 years old. A Roman theatre was uncovered when a motorway was built in 1964. It was part of a small settlement with 500 inhabitants that existed for approximately 200 years. The settlement was abandoned in the 3rd century. In the 5th and 6th centuries, an Alamanni settlement existed. The oldest registered usage of the name Lencis (from which Lenzburg derives) is from 893 AD.
In 1036, Schloss Lenzburg was used for the first time as seat for the count of Lenzburg, then an important lord. The house however died out in 1173, and the castle was then transferred to emperor Frederick Barbarossa. In the following period, it was mainly used by the Kyburger house. The Habsburgs took over the castle in 1273. City rights were granted in 1306.
Lenzburg was conquered by Bern in 1415, along with the western part of current Aargau, though Bern did not take away its city rights. In 1433, the city of Bern bought the castle and used it to govern the region from 1444 to 1798. A major fire devastated the town in 1491, sparing only fifteen houses. The Reformation was carried out simultanuously with the rest of the region in 1528, and the economy started to transform slowly from an agrarian to a more industrial one in the 16th century. A textile factory was founded in 1732.
In 1798, the Helvetian Republic was proclaimed and the lords from Bern were ousted. The canton of Aargau was founded and Lenzburg became the capital of the district in 1803. The canton gained the castle in 1804. Lenzburg transformed into the economic centre of the region in the 19th century. Many people in the area worked for the "Wool lords" (German: Baumwollherren).
On 23 June 1874, Lenzburg was connected to the Aargauische Südbahn railway. On 6 September 1877 the Schweizerische Nationalbahn opened a line from Wettingen to Zofingen as part of a plan to connect Singen, Germany and Lake Geneva in competition with the established railway companies. The line went bankrupt in 1878 and was taken over by the Schweizerische Nordostbahn. The bankruptcy of the Nationalbahn brought Lenzburg to the brink of economic ruin, as the city itself was heavily involved in financing it. Paying back the city's debt took half a century.
The castle changed hands several times in the 19th and 20th century. In 1860, it was bought by Frank Wedekind, a poet from Germany. In 1893, it was purchased by Americans and renovated. Finally, in 1956, it was bought by the canton and since been used to house a museum.
The undisputed landmark of the city is the Lenzburg castle, built in the 11th century and since enlarged on several occasions. Lenzburg ranks among the oldest and most important high-castles in Switzerland. The castle is located on a hill and towers about 100 meters above the city level. The old part of the town at the foot of the hill is U-shaped and in very good condition, consisting of a main road with two parallel alleys and another lane. Only parts of the city wall have been preserved and are now under monument protection. The old town, the castle, its historical museum, the castle hill with its Neolithic burial grounds, and the archaeological site on the Lindfeld with its Roman theater, vicus and burial site are listed as heritage sites of national significance.

- DADOS GERAIS
Country Switzerland	Canton Aargau	Coordinates: 47°23′N 8°11′E / 47.383°N 8.183°E	Population 7,731 (2006)
Density 682 /km2 (1,767 /sq mi)	Area 11.33 km2 (4.37 sq mi)	Elevation 405 m (1,329 ft)	www.lenzburg.ch

		Lenzburg é uma comuna da Suíça, no Cantão Argóvia, com cerca de 7.470 habitantes. Estende-se por uma área de 11,33 km², de densidade populacional de 659 hab/km². Confina com as seguintes comunas: Ammerswil, Egliswil, Hendschiken, Möriken-Wildegg, Niederlenz, Othmarsingen, Rupperswil, Seon, Staufen. A língua oficial nesta comuna é o Alemão.
		Lenzburg is a village in the central region of the Swiss canton Aargau and is the capital of the district of the same name. The town, founded in the Middle Ages, lies in the Seetal valley, about 3 kilometres south of the Aare delta. Lenzburg and the neighbouring municipalities of Niederlenz and Staufen have grown together in an agglomeration.	Lenzburg lies 30 km west of Zurich. There is a fast public transport connection through Lenzburg from Zurich to Basel. Many people commute to Zurich or its airport at Kloten each day.	The oldest excavations originate from Neolithic times, some over 5,000 years old. A Roman theatre was uncovered when a motorway was built in 1964. It was part of a small settlement with 500 inhabitants that existed for approximately 200 years. The settlement was abandoned in the 3rd century. In the 5th and 6th centuries, an Alamanni settlement existed. The oldest registered usage of the name Lencis (from which Lenzburg derives) is from 893 AD.	In 1036, Schloss Lenzburg was used for the first time as seat for the count of Lenzburg, then an important lord. The house however died out in 1173, and the castle was then transferred to emperor Frederick Barbarossa. In the following period, it was mainly used by the Kyburger house. The Habsburgs took over the castle in 1273. City rights were granted in 1306.	Lenzburg was conquered by Bern in 1415, along with the western part of current Aargau, though Bern did not take away its city rights. In 1433, the city of Bern bought the castle and used it to govern the region from 1444 to 1798. A major fire devastated the town in 1491, sparing only fifteen houses. The Reformation was carried out simultanuously with the rest of the region in 1528, and the economy started to transform slowly from an agrarian to a more industrial one in the 16th century. A textile factory was founded in 1732.	In 1798, the Helvetian Republic was proclaimed and the lords from Bern were ousted. The canton of Aargau was founded and Lenzburg became the capital of the district in 1803. The canton gained the castle in 1804. Lenzburg transformed into the economic centre of the region in the 19th century. Many people in the area worked for the "Wool lords" (German: Baumwollherren).
On 23 June 1874, Lenzburg was connected to the Aargauische Südbahn railway. On 6 September 1877 the Schweizerische Nationalbahn opened a line from Wettingen to Zofingen as part of a plan to connect Singen, Germany and Lake Geneva in competition with the established railway companies. The line went bankrupt in 1878 and was taken over by the Schweizerische Nordostbahn. The bankruptcy of the Nationalbahn brought Lenzburg to the brink of economic ruin, as the city itself was heavily involved in financing it. Paying back the city's debt took half a century.	The castle changed hands several times in the 19th and 20th century. In 1860, it was bought by Frank Wedekind, a poet from Germany. In 1893, it was purchased by Americans and renovated. Finally, in 1956, it was bought by the canton and since been used to house a museum.

					The undisputed landmark of the city is the Lenzburg castle, built in the 11th century and since enlarged on several occasions. Lenzburg ranks among the oldest and most important high-castles in Switzerland. The castle is located on a hill and towers about 100 meters above the city level. The old part of the town at the foot of the hill is U-shaped and in very good condition, consisting of a main road with two parallel alleys and another lane. Only parts of the city wall have been preserved and are now under monument protection. The old town, the castle, its historical museum, the castle hill with its Neolithic burial grounds, and the archaeological site on the Lindfeld with its Roman theater, vicus and burial site are listed as heritage sites of national significance.